Pathophysiology of renal failure

Case Scenario: A 34-year-old man has taken his youngest daughter to soccer practice. He begins to experience low abdominal and back pain and is nauseated. He finds himself squatting down in an attempt to alleviate the pain. Unable to alleviate the discomfort, he takes his daughter home. On arrival, he literally falls out of the minivan and onto the driveway. His wife asks a neighbor to watch the children, and she drives him to a nearby ER. As they pull into the parking lot, the pain immediately subsides. They enter the ER and approach the triage desk. Describing his symptoms, the staff suggests it could have been a kidney stone. Question: Explain what signs and symptoms lead the staff to make this early diagnosis. Support your answer using specific facts, data, examples, and other information drawn from the textbook and at least one other supplemental source. Case Scenario: A 23-year-old patient was the victim of a hit-and-run auto-pedestrian accident and suffered multiple abrasions, a concussion, and a deep laceration of his left thigh. He was discovered approximately two hours after the incident and is now in the ER. His vital signs and hematocrit suggest that he has had a blood loss of about 2500 ml. A urinary catheter is inserted to monitor urine output, and fluid resuscitation is initiated while his wounds are cleaned and sutured. The urine output is averaging 15 ml/hr, with a high urine osmolality and low urine sodium. Question: The doctor believes that the patient is developing renal failure. What type of renal failure is the patient suffering, and what data supports this diagnosis? Support your answer using specific facts, data, examples, and other information drawn from the textbook and at least one other supplemental source. hi please for both cases she wants you to define and list symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

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